Stone

What is the stone?

Is a block of mineral matter, of irregular shape, used for masonry or as a facing, Also is a unit of measurement that was used in many North European countries until the advent of metrication. The name "stone" derives from the use of stones for weights a practice that dates into antiquity.

How many kinds of stone do you know?

The stones that I know are: Limestone, Granite, Marble, Slate.

What characteristics do stones have?

Each stone has its own characteristics and qualities, they have color, shape and texture.

Limestone

The limestone is a sedimentary stone composed mainly of calcium carbonate, usually calcite.It may also contain small amounts of minerals such as clay, hematite, siderite, quartz, etc.., Which modify the color and the degree of coherence of the rock.

By its white appearance are very distinguishable. The limestones are formed in warm, shallow seas of the tropics.

Granite

 The Granite, also known as stone "Berroqueña" is a plutonic igneous rock consisting essentially ofquartz, feldspar and mica.For the extensive use of granite some scientists have adopted the term granitoid. The granitoid rocks are most abundant in the upper continental crust. Granitoids occur when magma solidifies slowly with high silica content in high pressure depths. Marble

 The Marble is a compact metamorphic rock formed from limestone which, subjected to hightemperatures and pressures, achieving a high degree of crystallization. After an abrasive polishing process marble high brightness reaches natural, ie withoutwaxes or chemical components. The marble is used mainly in construction, decorationand sculpture. Sometimes it is translucent, of different colors like white, brown, red, green, black, gray, yellow, blue, etc. Slate  <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">

<span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">The slate is a homogeneous metamorphic rock formed by compaction of clays. It usually occurs in adark blue opaque color and divided into slabs or sheets to be, by this feature, used inroofing and as a former element of writing.

<span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Slate is a dense rock, fine-grained rock formed from sedimentary clay and, sometimes,of igneous rocks. The main feature of the board is its division into thin sheets or layers.d inroofing and as a former element of writing.

<span style="color: #ff8e00; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 220%;">Why are stones used in construction?

<span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">From the beginning, humans have changed their environment to suit your needs. This has made use of all natural materials, with the passage of time and technology development, have been transforming into different products by manufacturing processes of increasingsophistication. The raw natural materials (clay, sand, marble) are often called raw materials, while products made ​​from them (brick, glass, tile) are called construction materials.

Building materials are used in large quantities, which must come from abundant and cheap raw materials. Therefore, most construction materials are made from materials with high availability as clay, sand or stone. It is also desirable that the required manufacturing processes consume little power and are not overly elaborate.

__Properties must have material__

In order to properly combine the use and construction materials designers must know their properties. Manufacturers must ensure a minimum in their products, as detailed inspecification sheets. Between the different material properties are:
 * 1) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Density: Relationship between mass and volume.
 * 2) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Hygroscopicity: Ability to absorb water.
 * 3) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Expansion coefficient: Variation in size depending on the temperature.
 * 4) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Thermal conductivity: Ease with which a material allows the passage of heat.
 * 5) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Mechanical resistance: Ability of materials to support efforts.
 * 6) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Elasticity: The ability to recover the original form with the disappearance of the effort.
 * 7) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Plasticity: Permanent deformation of the material under a load or stress.
 * 8) <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">Stiffness: Capacity of load-bearing materials with little deformation, is the deformation resistance.

<span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: center;">__<span style="color: #ff8e00; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 250%;">Stone __ <span style="color: #ae975b; display: block; font-family: 'palatino linotype','book antiqua',palatino,serif; font-size: 140%; text-align: justify;">

<span style="color: #ae975b; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 140%;">In different areas, stone has been long considered as the favorite material among designers for its simplicity, shape, hardness, durability and sculptural adaptability to treatment, but the stone also has disadvantages that are taken into account when a construction, as is apologetic to quarry, transport, cut, weakness in tension, etc., but the hardness has involved in various architectural constructions as it supports much more than any material, that is, is tough. The stone can be found in various forms which you can apply different uses, from building a wall where stone blocks are used to the decoration of a wall. Stone is a natural element easy to find despite its drawbacks this material is essential in a building, they are always looking for material to be found in large quantities, which must come from abundant raw materials, besides the stone can be used directly without being processed, or as raw material for other materials, so the same building materials common feature being durable. Depending on use, they must also satisfy other requirements such as hardness, mechanical strength, fire resistance, or ease of cleaning and these benefits make the stone base material in a building.

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